We're making progress in being able to measure qualia. [1],[2] If the philosophical underpinnings of emergence in a physicalist sense hold, then that is a stepping stone toward a theory of consciousness.
That looks to be some major equivocation on "qualia." What they're actually measuring is related to how colors are perceived. That's very different from the actual subjective experience that is what we call consciousness. An intelligence that wasn't conscious would not be distinguishable in this test from a conscious being.
[1] https://www.cell.com/iscience/fulltext/S2589-0042(25)00289-5
[2] Popularization: https://backreaction.blogspot.com/2025/06/scientists-measure...