To my understanding, anti-trust laws are generally designed to discourage the ability of companies to use success in one area to capture customers and thus have monopolistic pricing ability in another area.
In this case I think it is going to be a hard sell to demonstrate an anti-trust issue, but "A vertical arrangement may violate the antitrust laws, however, if it reduces competition among firms at the same level (say among retailers or among wholesalers) or prevents new firms from entering the market."[1]
I think claiming that Apple has some kind of monopoly on the smartphone market is a nonstarter, since they are well below 50% of the smartphone market in every country, including the US.
It's not clear that Apple's policies reduce competition among firms at the application creator level. However, Apples policies clearly do prevent new firms from entering the market. For example, Apple has explicit rules forbidding entire classes of apps that it believes compete with it's own services.
I think you might be able to make the following case, although the lack of an actual monopoly makes it more difficult (but not impossible) to frame it as an anti-trust issue: The levels of this vertical integration are 1. selling phone hardware 2. providing phone operating systems 3. reselling of applications (app stores) 4. production and sale of applications (app developers). Apple doesn't allow competing app stores at all on the hardware it sells, so it's clearly using it's control of a large segment of the smartphone hardware selling market in a way that discourages competition in the application store market.
In this case I think it is going to be a hard sell to demonstrate an anti-trust issue, but "A vertical arrangement may violate the antitrust laws, however, if it reduces competition among firms at the same level (say among retailers or among wholesalers) or prevents new firms from entering the market."[1]
I think claiming that Apple has some kind of monopoly on the smartphone market is a nonstarter, since they are well below 50% of the smartphone market in every country, including the US.
It's not clear that Apple's policies reduce competition among firms at the application creator level. However, Apples policies clearly do prevent new firms from entering the market. For example, Apple has explicit rules forbidding entire classes of apps that it believes compete with it's own services.
I think you might be able to make the following case, although the lack of an actual monopoly makes it more difficult (but not impossible) to frame it as an anti-trust issue: The levels of this vertical integration are 1. selling phone hardware 2. providing phone operating systems 3. reselling of applications (app stores) 4. production and sale of applications (app developers). Apple doesn't allow competing app stores at all on the hardware it sells, so it's clearly using it's control of a large segment of the smartphone hardware selling market in a way that discourages competition in the application store market.
[1] https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/competition-guidance/guide-a...